Ukuphumelela Kwesikhombisi Sokubhedelela Amaphaneli Amapolikarbonayte

Ukufunda Ukuphindezela Kokubhedelela Kwamaphaneli Amapolikarbonayte

Izilungiso ze-UL 94 Zikhanywe: Kusasa kwi-HB ngokwesintshane ku-V-0

Izilungiso ze-UL94 zikhulu kakhulu ngokushesha ukuthi zibheke ngenxa yokuhlola okubheka umsindo wesikhephe ngokuphakamiswa kwezicatshulwa ezifanele, njengepolikabore panezi. Izilungiso eziqhutywayo, ezithunyelwe ngokusebenza neUnderwriters Laboratories, zihamba ukukholela umsindo wesikhephe wemateriyeli kusukela ngeHB (horrific burn) esipheleleyo, kwegcineni V-0. I-HB ireferentse i-self- extinguishing nature yesimeri; I-V-0 iyiphiko ukuthi isimeri sikhipa ukuhlala ngendawo yokugcina kodwa asikhipi amandla ahorokodumo, futhi angadabuka izinto ezinethengiyo zokuhlala. Izindlela zokuhlola zizama ukubonisa amateriyeli ngokuba bazingene ngokwesikhephe sesinye sokuthi amateriyeli bayenze ngaphandle komtheleli. Ngokushesha, amasheeti akaphekeni polikabore ayisebenzisiwe ngokwesimo esingekho lokusebenza phakathi kwesayithi, nokuthuthukisa, ngoba kumele abe kuchaza imigomo yokususa kakhulu.

Amastanda AseNgesi EN 13501-1 ngo-Euro Class kweEmasipheni

Ukuthi lokhu olunye umthetho wesiqalo esidingayo ukwenza ukuhambisana ngephrofayile kwiNgesithando Europe yilungiselelwa ngokwesibonelo soHlobo EN 13501-1. Lolu hlobo lusetyenziswa ukugcina uphawu lwemali lesivamileyo phandle kwesikhatsi (ngokuba iClass A1 yimali ofakelwe ngendlela engeziwe ngokuphawulanga kunye neClass F efanelekileyo). Amasheet amapolikarbonete angavumezeke kuClass B, yeyiphi inani elizoba lapho alandele yiinkqubo yokuhlala ekupheleni. Lezihlobo zingabhedliselela ukuba ngangini imali ezityenziswa zinokufaka kulesiSikhathi, ukubheka ukuba bengakho okusebenzayo nokukhangelwa kwezinyathelo ezifaneleyo, ngokushesha izigaba eziphathelwe njengeGrenfell Tower fire. Izindlela zithi lezinhlobo zizothola indlela ethathe ngazo emahhase aseEurasia kunye nokuthi ngaso ngaphandle komhlaba, ukubhekisa ukuthi kuhlanganisiwe kakhulu ukutesta ukuphawulanga kweemali yesikhathi.

Amathambo Akudibanisanga (s1-s3) kunye nokuthi Amadrop Emane (d0-d2)

Amagcinzelo akusetyenziswa kwezindlela zokubhala ukudibanisa ngokuthi lokhu kuhlukeleleyo (s1-s3) kunye nezindlela zakukhombisana ngezilondolozi ezikhulu (d0-d2). Izifactor ezi zikhulula ukukhombisa imoya nokukhombisana ngezilondolozi ezikhulu ezinikezelwe ngokuphuma kwekhozo lokusebenza nokuthi amaphrofesiya angazama ukuhambisana. Amabhedha amapolikasetini abangakho amakhulu kakhulu futhi amalondolozi angenayo (s1), kunye namalondolozi engenayo (d0) okungakwazi ukwenza isesha esiphathelwe. Izipaneli zihlabelelwa ngamaphrofesiya wendawo yokusebenza ngoba zingasetyenziswa ngokusetyenziswa komoya kunye nokukhombisana ngezilondolozi ezikhulu phakathi kwabantu abanye, njengemayithi yonqanawe kunye nemayithi yesiglass, bese zikhetha izinketho ezisafani, ezibizodwa kunye nezingane zokusebenza kumthetho wesiqephu esidingayo.

Izinqumo Ezithile Zokungena Ukufunwa Kwepolycarbonate

Umbhali Wokugcwalisa Okuhlu (1000°F+)

I-glass epolikarbohidi yi-high kindling umtemperethi, ngaphandle kokuthi lokho kufuneka liqhubele 1000°F, kunye ne-impahla kwezinto ezinikezelayo lokungakwenziwa ukukhipha ifayela kubamthetho bezingubo. Le sifundo sokuhlola kuhleli iindlela zokuba amapaneli angaze akwazi ukuphuma isibhedlela kumakhaya okuqhutywa kakhulu. Polycarbonate vs Plastic: I-polycarbonate yi-high quality alternative yesi plastic. Ukudinga kusebenza kumele ukhethe kuqinisekise ukuthi imithetho yamakhono amacala amanye amandla kuzoba kusuka kanye nokuluma noma futhi ukuphuma isibhedlela ngemigomo engaphansi kwe-1000°F, ukuze i-polycarbonate lihlale kakhulu lokhu kunesiphumo esikhathini somkhono omkhulu. Ukubona kwezinye izinhloso ezindabeni, kungabangako ukuthi umthetho omtsha we-polycarbonate ucabanga lokhu kulula ukuphuma isibhedlela ngendlela yokuhlala ngokukhathalika. ASTM D1929 rated Plastic’s nemitemperethi ehikhona eliphakamisile, kunye ne-polycarbonate, siyinqubo lokuhlola kunye nokuhlola, uzokusihlisa ukuthi i-polycarbonate iyiphumo lokuphuma phakathi kwabantu ngokushesha.

Umbiko Wokuphuma Phakathi Kwamapolikarbohidi Ngesinyeleselo Sesintfaneli Esikhoyo

Yekuphakamisi kwezinto ezincane zokubhuba kwesipolikabonayithi, ukuthi lokhu luvumelelwa ngalokho. Ukuthi lokhu luhlola ngaphandle komoya wokuqala, umdlalo ongaphandle okungavunyelwe ukuze alitshene ngaso, ukuba kuhlanganisa isenzo sasihlangene ngekhona lokho kwiindlela ezidingekayo lokusebenza. Lento yokugcina lokho yayingakwazi ngaphakathi kwezinye iziplastiki ezindala, ezinconozi ukukhuluma nokuthi zizoshintsha ukusetyenziswa kwekhuba. Ngokushesha, xa zisetyenziswa, iziplastiki somncane zidibiza imidlalo engasebenzayo okungavunyelwe, okungazikhethela ukukhuba, kodwa sipolikabonayithi asidibiza. Izimvo zokugcina amandla akhe zingasho ukuthi luvumelelwa ngalokho, uzokusetyenziswa ngokubheke kakhulu nezinye iziplastiki. Izinhlelo eziningi, ngokushesha, i UL 94 ratings, zicacise ukuthi imigomo yesikhuthazo singavumelelwe. Ukuthi sipolikabonayithi sikwazi ukubonisela lezi zinto, lokhu lingavumelelwa ngokuphi indlela, lokhu licinga ukuthi abantu ababhedelela kunye nezinkumbuzo bazifinyelele ukuthi bafundele ukusetshenziswa ngenkinga lokusebenza.

Ukuxhasa LweMultiwall NgeSolid Sheet Designs ngoFlame Spread

Umbono wokubeka kweempahla zepolikabheite (emangweni noma esethenthweni) uzoba amandla apho ukuhlala kwesihloko sokukhathalika kwezilondolozi, ngokwesinye ngokuba yisithuthi sesikhombisa. Empahlweni emangweni, izichannel ezifunyenwe ngezintsha zokuphendula kuzoba zingamashumi amathegi apha ukufakwa kokuhlukumeza umoya, okungaba zibe ngaphandle komoya nokuhlukumeza lokuhlala kanye nokusentela wesikhombiso. Ngaphakathi, iishiyethi zasethentho zibizwa ngokubonakele kunye nokulandelayo okungaba zincedise ukusentela wesikhombiso ngokubanzi kwiindlela ezininzi. Izindlela zokuthutha kusebenzela ukukhombisa ukuba empahlweni emangweni azobuyela ukusentela lokuhlala ngokushesha kunye nokusentela wesikhombiso phambi kokuthiweyo ngama-solid sheet. Okungakho, ngokusebenziswa kwezinhlobo zezimpawu, abasebenzisi bezindawo bazokubona ukuba khona imigomo eyenziwayo ngokupheleleyo njengokuhlukumeza lokuhlala noma ukuba kuneenkqubo yokugcina lokusebenza, ukukhetha ngokuthiweyo kakhulu kwiindlela eziningi ezidinga inani lekuphindekileyo. Abasebenzisi bendlawo bakwazi ukucinzela ukuba empahlweni emangweni zisebenze ngokupheleleyo nokuhlukumeza lokuhlala, noma usebenze amasheet asethenthweni ngokulandelayo nokulandelayo kwiindlela ezincinci (umthwalo) ngokubanzi. Ukuba usetyenziswa ukuthiweyo kuhlanganisa ngokukhathalelwa kakhulu ngokwesihloko sokuhlala kanye nokuba le ndawo alandelwe ngokuphindekileyo.

Ukufanelela Ukugqibela Izikodi zokubanzi kwiNgeniso lwePolycarbonate

Ukubona Imilayithi ye-IBC yomsebenzi wemikhono neSkylights

Ukubuyelela ngokuthi u-International Building Code (IBC) ungakuhlola amagama apha, kunye nekuqinisekileyo ukulawula izicatshulwa ezifaneleyo lapho i-polycarbonate zikhululiwe kumsebenzi wabo. Lapho amasibonelo akhethiwe amathetho amahhula, IBC ayithintela izicatshulwa ezidinga ukuthi zisukele umoya wamafayela okanye ukusuka elinye lelizimo lokusebenza. U-polycarbonate uhlelo olungumthombo olunomthelelo olupheleleyo lokusebenzisa amafayela, futhi yinto engcono kakhulu ngenxa yokuba yahlukene nohlangothi oluhlukeleleyo. Ngexemplo, imigomo ephakathi kwesihlanu esebenzayo nge-IBC ebekho ngepaneli ze-polycarbonate ukuthi ziyiphiwe ngokubhekisisa, uzokusetyenziswa nokuthi amasheeti angaphezu kwalendlela. Yilo nyani, kuhluke ukuthi kufanele ukubala amandla amanyange kwi-codes ngenxa yokuba kungaba isibonelo sokuthi u-polycarbonate ungene kumsebenzi wasebenzi kunye nokuthi kuzodinga izicatshulwa ezincane zokuthuthukisa okudingeka.

Amagcali ka-U (0.49-0.99) kwiThermal Efficiency

Ukuphawula kwe- U-value ngokushesha umthetho omphambili lokuhlola ukuthi iproduct yamabuilding yakwazi nini. Amaphaneli amadala amapolikaboreite aqondile amandla amahhwebhu okususa amafayela ne-U-value ekwenzeneyo phakathi kwe-0.49 kunye ne-0.99, okungavumelana nokulandelana nokusebenzisa umoya wendlela. Ukuthi le-U-value lencane ifaka ukuthi umlilo ufanele, ukuze libe ngokukhangelwe kakhulu, lokunqume ukuthi imibuzwana ibheke izinkinga ezikhoyo nokugcina imali yokuhlawula/okuhlola umoya. Kuba kudalwa ukuthi ipholikabore itshintshisa isiqephu esisodwa sokuthi siphakeme ukuthi sihlola umoya, lokungavumelana nokuthi siphinde sithole umthetho wesibhedlela sesibhakabhaka. Ngokubonisa ukuthi umthetho wehlambo lokuhlola umoya usenzela indlela yokuthi ipholikabore ifanele lokuhlola ukuthi i-Green Building zihlanganise izidingo zakho.

Ukhahlamba Kwemfushane Ngezinye Izindlu Ezichasene

Kwiqhopho lwezityalo nezinye izindawo ezinethengiwe amadome, ngokugcinwa kunye nepolikabonete, uhlobo lwendlela oluphakathi lokuhlala kufanele liphumele imibiko yamatshatshi. Izindlela zisetshenziswa ukuthi zifanele zibheke imithombo ephakeme ngezimo ezidingekileyo nokuhlala kusale ekukhulene nokuhlala kwezinyanga. Ngokushesha, ipolikabonete iyinye yezinto ezisetshenziswa ngokuba yihlaba elinganayo okubhekiseleleyo lokuhlala. Ngiqiniso, iGreenhouses yenkantolo engasebenziwe yayingeniwe ngokuthi abaningi abasebenzisa amaneli aphandle komthombo wendlela oluphakathi, bavumelana nobungako babo bese bangena indlela yokuhlala. Ngokwesikhatsi, izindlela ezazingekayo ezimaphathisiyo aphandle komthombo wendlela oluphakathi wamathathwa ngemibono emibuzweni, ubungakanani obuhlangululeko bomthombo wesikhatsi. Uhlobo lwendlela oluphakathi lokuhlala kulesi sikhatsi singahlinzekela ukuthi singenhloso yokuhlala kanye nokuthi sihlola, uzokusetyenziswa kwipolikabonete kwindawo yokuhlala.

I-Polycarbonate vs Amaxwebhu Okuningi Amaningi

Umkhuhlane Wesophu: PC vs PVC kunye ne-Acrylic

Ngokuphathelene nokukhishwa kwentuthu, i-polycarbonate (PC) iyindlela enhle uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinto ezifana ne-PVC ne-acrylic. Amanani okuhlolwa okujwayelekile abonisa ukuthi i-PC inokukhiqizwa kwentuthu ephansi kakhulu kune-PVC, umkhiqizi omkhulu wentuthu owaziwayo uma kwenzeka umlilo. Senza lo mehluko ngenxa yokuphepha nempilo ekusetshenzisweni kwezakhiwo ngoba ukuhogela intuthu ngokuvamile kuyimbangela eyinhloko yokufa ngenxa yomlilo. Ngempela, izingozi zokubhema okuphuma emlilweni okuhilela i-PVC ne-acrylic (Aday, 2000) zibhalwe kahle ezenzakalweni ezedlule, ngokungafani nephrofayili ephephile ye-polycarbonate. I-polycarbonate inconywa kakhulu ochwepheshe abaphambili embonini yomlilo ngoba lapho ukunciphisa intuthu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu, kuyindlela ephephe kakhulu kubakhi kanye nabakhi abafuna ukuvikela emithonjeni yezempilo yentuthu evela emlilweni.

Ukuphinda Ukuphuma Ifayela Ngefiberglas neMetal Sheets

Ukuphumelela kokubuyela kwePolycarbonate kukwakholwa ngokuthi lokhu lizama ukusukela okuncane kumthetho wokuqala lokusebenza ngezinto eziyinye noma ezikhelekileyo njengeE-glass noMetal sheets. I-test data zikhona ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuba i-polycarbonate iyiphumo elincane lokusukela kakhulu phakathi kwesinye isinto esetshenziswa njengeE-glass (ngakho eziyiE-glass zingene ukuthi zisetyenziswa nge-additives ezinethengiselwa yokubuyela kokuhlola.) Amaphaneli amanamathanga, kungaba apho, angakho indlela eyahlukileyo yokugcina ukuthi uhlangothi lokusebenza aluhlukisele ngokuthi akhona umphilo omtsha ongaphandle komoya omkhulu ngakho lokhu kungabonakali ukuba aluhlukisele ukusukela kakhulu. Oku kufuneka kuzosetshenziswa ngokuphiindleko lokukhetha amasiko amahhobe, ngokushesha kakhulu phakathi kwezi zinto ezinamandla ukuhlola izifire. Ukuphawula kwepolycarbonate efaka kwenze ukuthi lokhu kufanele kube kunye nezi zinto ezinamandla zezinhlangano zezilimi nokulima, futhi ayiqhubekanga kanye nokuba ayihambisanga.

Umba-Wokuqala Lwendawo Yokususa Kunesikhathi Esidingeni

Amahluwane okuthuthukise kusenokubizo kwezicala elihlupheka lokuhlola amafayela ezicali zikhululekile izicala elihlupheka lokuhlola lizoba ukubonisa ukuthi lokhu kuhlanganisiwe ngamalunga nesibonelo sokugcina kwezinye izinto. Ngokushesha, isithuthi sokuthengwa kwezicala elihlupheka lokuhlola kungapheli kakhulu kumabalingeni angaphezulu, kodwa xa kuhloniphezulu ukuthi kungenani kunye nezicala ezahlukene, abantu ababekhethwe amaqhawekazi babona ukuthi akukho imali eyenzelwe yamathuba ekuxhasweni lokuncedisi kanye nokuthi amatesenti azikuphi atholakale. Ukuze uhlola, iindlela zakusebenza zibeza nokuthuthukisa ukuthi useto wesicala elihlupheka lokuhlola kusetyenziswa kumakhaya ezingasityenziswa njengefutshane, uzoba ukuthi kuzo amahluwane amaningi esebenzayo kwiqhaza lemfutshane kanye nokuthi amatesenti aziphumeleleyo. Abanye abasebenzela izindlela zokubala baphindaphinda ukuthi ukudibanisa umdabu wendawo yokuhlola kunye nokuthuthukisa kusenokubizo kufuneka kube khona kusukela sokuqala sesiqhama senkululeko kunye nokubizo, futhi izingcali zicala zihlupheka lokuhlola zihlobene ngephambili lokuthi kuhlanganiswe ngokushesha kunye nokuthi kuhamba ngaso.

Amalunga Amakhusha Lokusetshenziswa Kwezinto Ezinhluze Zokugqibela

I-Resins YePolikabaini LeBio-Circular Yekuhlola Ukusasimangaliso

Ukuthenga kwezilungiselelo ezibhayisithi zepolikarbonayiti eziqhamuka kwisebe yindawo yokuhlala ngokubhekelwa. Izidingo ezintsha zingabhedlayo lokuncane ngenxa yezilungiselelo ezifaneleyo ezinikezela amaxesha okanyekeka ngokubhekelwa ukusetyenziswa komphendulo wemihlaba nokuhlola izindlela ezincane ezincedwayo nezinyathelo zokuphakamisa. Amaxesha asemandla angakho amandla amahhhe amaphandle kwesizwe, ngakho ke, izilungiselelo eziqhamuka zikhetha sisiwukile ukuba ziphumeleye iimpahla yezinhlonoho. Ukudhlula kwisebene yesithungu sasihlanganisa ukuthi ukuvalwa kokuthi polikarbonayiti eziqhamuka kuhlatywa ngokubheke kakhulu phakathi kwabantu abaningi ngokuthi kuhamba ngokulandelana ngeemishini eyahlukene, futhi ngokushesha ukuthi kukhona ukukhetha umlando wesimo sokuthi wenza imiphumela yomthwalo wezinto ezimncane ezincedwayo. Iziphalazwi ziyasebenzisa ngokukhulu kwindawo ezimbili ezintsha ezilandelayo, uzokusiza ukuthi amaxhobo akhona amaqhawekazi kanye nokuthi bayenziwe ngokudingekileyo kunye nokuthi abaningi babuyekeze ukuthi bengxoxweni ngokudingekileyo.

Iifasi Elincinciwe Ngomoya Emsunduveshi neZintsha

Umgcabo wemali wenhlanga lisebenzisa ukuthi kuna indlela esethweni apho amasayidi nezihlanu zayo zibonakale kakhulu nokuba zisafani ngaphandle kokuthi bengakwazi ukusombulula izindaba ezingaphambili. Amabhavini abamukelwe amahhula amancane amaphumeleyo lokugcina umoya, okuningi lokusebenza kakhulu kunesokuthi kulandelule ezindaweni ezikhulu ezintathu ezithile apho usosoti wesintu sivele kakhulu. Ngokushesha kakhulu kwepholikabheke, amafekhesi ayo akwazi ukufitshwa ngendlela engeyiyo kuhlonipheka imiphumela yomncedo ngokubhekana nesokuthi esingaphephandisiyo. Isibonelo esikhona sikhulu yehloko lweAllianz Arena, apho lepolikabheke yakhiwo yasebenzisa ukuthi ufitshwe ukubhedelela lesayidi elikhulu, uzokusetyenziswa kanye nokuhlola kwezinto ezinomsindo nokuhlola. Izimdunge zomncedo zonceda ukuthi amadesaini angamaqondane usebenzise amagama amahhula nokuthi ayiqinileyo nokuthi phakathi komhlaba, lokunye ukuthi ipholikabheke ifaka emva kwaloo mnguni wocwaninga.

Ukukhangela Ngokushesha Ngenqaku Lapho Zicaliwe

Ukusetshenziswa kweziphaneli zopolikarbonayithi ezihlalangeni ngokulungiselela umsebenzi wokubhulula amaxhobo ngokwesibhedlela sokuphumelela. Iziphaneli zakhiwa izifundiso ukusetyenziswa ngenqanawe yokuthuthukisa okanye nokuthi lokunqamukele kakhulu. Ngokufakelana namandla ahlala ehlanganiswayo ezimalini ezikhethwe ngaphambi kokuthi kuhloye, iiproyekthi zingavamele ngendawo kunye nokuhlola lomoyo oluhlukeleyo - ukusureka ukuthi kulonhloso sonye sihlalele isikhathi esasibuyele ephakeme, asiyibuyekeze. Isibonelo soku kungenani le ndawo: iindlebe zaseNgesitsha ezahlukene: igoverinithi yesiNgesitsha sezivumela ukusebenzisa ukugcina ngokushesha lokungabulawa kwiindlebe, lapho kusetshenziswa amaxhobo abahlukeleyo sokuphumelela ukusuka polikarbonayithi ukuthi iindlebe zaseNgesitsha zingasibulawa. Kuneenkcathelo zemfazwe yezindawo ezidinga ukuthi imigomo yokusetyenziswa elungileyo njenge-polikarbonayithi elihlukeleyo uzisetshenziswa kakhulu ngokushesha lokungabulawa ngoba zingacabanga kunye nokuthi zingavamele ngendlela.