Umsakhi wokuphindekela Polycarbonate: Amahleli nokuziphindaphinda kwezintloni

Kanjanini Izibhakha ze-Multiwall Polycarbonate Zivimba Ukungena Kwezilulu

Inkinga ebhekene nokungena kwamathambo emthambothini wokwalala

Izingo ezitholakala kumthambo ngokugcinwa kwezimali ezakhelwayo kancane kunesibili yezimbili nge-740 (Netherlands AgriTech Report 2023), izilulu zibaluleka amahlathi angcono kunesibili yezimbili nge-0.5mm emithambothini eyisisekelo, izindlu zokwalala ezisebenzisa izimpendulo eziqashiselwe zibhalwa ukuthi zinezilulu eziningi ngama-47% kunazo ezigxile izibhakha ezibonakalayo ze-polycarbonate ezonqulo.

Umbandela othile njengenqubo yokukhoma phansi kwezilulu

Amacala akuxhunywa kwiinkamelo zolwandle ngokuphindwe kuka-polycarbonate angenza indlela enjengoko yindlela ephindezelayo eyenziwa ubungcwalisa bokungafiki kwizilonda ngelishumi elinesithupha—lishumi elinambili % yesimilo esiphumezayo. Isifundo sika-2022 sikaYunivesithi yeWageningen sasifundela ukuthi iindlela ezinezibuko ezintathu zenzela ukuba izilonda ezingu-100%, kubandakanywa i-whiteflies ne-thrips, zingafiki phantsi kwiziko le-greenhouse ngemva kwezikhathi ezili-12.

Ukunciphisa ubukhulu bezigaba (kubili, kutathu, kunezibuko ezine) ukuze kube nempazamo yokuphepha kuzilonda

Ubuthi bokhedzelo	Ubunzima Bekuphazamiseka Kuzilonda*	Light transmission
4mm igaba elibini	86%	82%
6mm igaba elitathu	97%	78%
8mm igaba eline	99.5%	73%
*Ivela kusifundo sikaBawesiko Bomthwalo Othileyo othatha imizekelo yezilonda ezihlala ziyahlala kiziko le-greenhouse

Izigaba ezinebukhulu kakhulu zenza impazamo ekhethekileyo kuzilonda ngokwandisa ubuchwepheshe beendlela ezifihlakeleyo kumgomo, ebangela ukungafikwayo kakhulu nokungabi na kuzilonda ozindani.

Isifundo sekhasi: Ukuncipha kwesimo sezilonda kumakhulu amakhaya kuma-Dutch ngokusebenzisa iinkamelo zolwandle ngokuphindwe kuka-polycarbonate

Inkampu yezindlu zokunyanzelwa ezingama-32 eWestland, iNetherlands, yaphula ukusetshenziswa kwezixhobo zokuphefumula ngama-68% ngemuva kokubuyisela izikhumba ezivalekile ngamakhanda amabi enkathwini ngezikhumba ze-polycarbonate ezinezinkathwini eziningi kakhulu kuma-10mm. Ukuhlolwa kwezibonelo zokuxhumana kwakubona ukuthi kukhulekile kuma-72% kuzindlela abahlwa bezifika ngazo, ngelishwa iq quality ye-yield ibe yaphucula ngama-19% ngoba kunjalo kungena kwezilwane (Netherlands AgriTech Report 2023).

Ukuvimba Inkampu: Ukuvikela Abahlwa Ngokungena Kusuka Kuzinkinga Neziphazanyo

Kungani Okungekho Ukuvimba Kuzinkinga Kuvikela Izilwane Neziphazanyo Ngaphakathi Kwemitholampilo

Noma izinkinga ezincane kakhulu ezilingana ne-1/16 inch emitholweni ye-polycarbonate ziyaba yizindawo ezinkulu ekufakeleni kuzo ngendiza futhi ngezinye izilwane ezifihla njengezinkunzi namahlophu, ngaphezu kwalokho konke okuchaphaziywa kwezinkuni. Umlando ophublikisiwe ngo-2023 ngabasebenzi besimilo bokuphepha kwakha ubala obungcolile: malunga no-8 ku-10 kwezinkinga zezimali zathola isiphumo kulezindawo ezingaqashelanga apho kukhona umlonyo nangamacebo ebomu. Lokhu kahlukana nokusebenzisa iplastic ezenzulwini engadingi ukulandela ngendlela ethile. Uma usebenzisa iziphiqo ze-polycarbonate zenhlangothi ezimbili, abasebenzisi kumele bakhombise inkinga yokuthi kugcinekwe phansi ngokuphelele ngalapho ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi lezi ziphazamiso ezincane zibe yizinkinga ezinkulu emuva kwesikhathi kubo bonke abasebenzisa izimali eziphathelene ngempilwenye.

Ukusebenzisa I-Zinhlangothi Zesi-U kanye Nezinhlelo Ze-Foam Ukugcina Phansi Izici Eziphazanyayo Ngempela

Kumele ukubinjelwa kwezinkomba ezihlukene zezincinane ukuze kugcinwe ukuthi izilwane zithunyelwe. Izikhala ezingenamandla zezalimini ezingenamandla zibandakanya nezinhlayiya ezivalekileyo zokungenisa okuvuthiwe ukuthi kungavaleki ngaphandle kokuthunyelwa kwamabhodi. Umlando wasekuhlinzekeni ubonisa ukuthi le ndlela ibe yenza ukuthi kunciphise izinyathelo zokungena kwezilwane ngo-91% kunokuthi kwenzeke kuphela ngokusebenzisa i-silicone.

Ukuthunyelwa Kwegolide Eshiselweyo Yezalimini Emgwaqweni Neziphazini

Izigolide zesalimini ezinentshushu zisusa indima eyisisekelo: ukulungana kwezimaliwele ngenkathi kugcinwa izilwane phandle. Izintambo ezinezindiza ezincane zivumela ukudla kwe-CFM 4—6 ngelishwa elingaphezu kuka-0.04 inches. Xa kusebenziswa emagwaqweni namaphazi, kugcinwa ukungena kwezilwane ezijwayelekile njengezinkomo nezimbewu ngembonakude engcono.

Isibonelo: Ukuphula Kwizinkinga Zokungena Kwizinkomo Emagwaqweni Ngamathephu Asebenzayo

Ihubhu yelogistiki yaseMidwest ihlulela izindleko zokulahlekelwa kwe-HVAC ngeminyaka engu-12k ngemuva kokuthutha kwakhe kwegolide lepolycarbonate ngezibhakhithi zentonga. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-thomal imaging kubonisa ukuncipha okungu-89% komezindlela yokugcina emva kokufakwa, kuchaza ubunzima bezimpendulo ezingenamoya ezifakelwe kumendini wophondo olubukhali.

Ukususwa Okuphindwe Kabusha Kusidenge, Ukungcono, Nokulima Kwezilwane Ezindondeni

Izizinda Zokusebenza Kabili: Kanjani Izicathululo ZePolycarbonate Ezibheka Iziphephetho Nezinkinga

Ipolikhabhonethi enobukhali ibonelela izindawo ezimbili zokuphepha ngendlela etholakale ngayo. Okuqondileyo kukuthi umgodi wocingo uphinde uphinde uqhutshelwa njengamapazile, wenza into ekusebenza ngisho njengomkhopheshi wesifazane. Ibona konke okuchithakala kusondeza ukungena kwezimali, ipolen, futhi izinto eziphansi kakhulu ezine-0.3 microns okwenzeka kufanana nokudingekayo yizinhlelo zokulahla amavili. Ngokushesha, izilwane azikwazi ukudlula. Lokhu kumele kusebenze kahle emakhaya apho ukukhokha izilwane kuyafana nezindlela zokulahla amavili. Izigaba zihlangothi ziyashiywa ngaphandle, kodwa futhi izinkomo nezinye izindlu zezilwane apho ukugcina imizimba emhle iyisidingo esibalulekileyo ngenxa yezempilo.

Ukudiphenisa Kufakwa Kwamaviyo Nezinyathelo Zokuphelisa Ukuphelisa Kwezimali

I-Polycarbonate esebenzisa ukuthuthwa kwe-UV ayizukwaphazamala noma ikhulule ngemuva kokuba isukele iminyaka engu-10 emanzini. Lungalani leli xubani ngezindlebe zomoya ezigcwele kahle kanye neziphazanyiswa ezithile ezivalekileyo, futhi izindlu zingafinyelela i-NEMA 12, okusho ukuthi zizosinda kahle kumthubi ophindelelayo kanye nabhubhu abavikela phesheya. Ngokwengxenye yezempilo eyavela ngoPitsholo lalilizwe, izihlahla ezathintekile ekususweni kwalokhu kubuyekezwa kubona abasebenzi bawusebenza ngemnyaka ethile njengoba umthubi kanye nophupho kufakwa, kunazo ezinendlela eyodwa yokuvikelwa.

Isibonelo: Isihlahla seBhubhu eArizona Sibonisa Ukuphazimula kuka-60% Kwezimo Zokungena Kwabhubhu Ngemuva Kokufakwa

Ikhanda elikhulu lezinja ephakathi kwe-Phoenix lalishintsha izipleni ezindala zomthwaxwayiwa ngokuphetha kwamashwa amane angaphandle kanye nokuvala konke okunye. Emva kweminyaka eyashiyagalombili, bawabona into ethile ekhathaza - izimpupha zezinja zaziphelile kabini, zazidlulelana ngaphezu kwe-60% kusukela ngaphambi. Ngasentso, ububi bezinja babuyaphila futhi, bafika ku-22% ngokwembono yabo. Abahlali bekhanda bathi kungoba izinto ezintsha azikho ukuba ziphakeme kulo lonke ihhovisi futhi zihlukunyezela ukuthi izilulu zingene kumakhanda. Ngokubuka umghodolo, sele sabuyalimala imali yabo ngemnyaka engu-18 kuphela ngokuthatha ukuthengisa izixwayiso ezinezici eziphansi kanye nokuthi akudingeki ukuzinzela izinhlelo zokulahla khona.

Imipaya Yobubi Bokudala Nokuzenzela Kugcina Kwizindlu Zokwalala Nezindlu Zokusebenza

Ukunciphisa Udamu Okuhlobene Nezilulu Futhi Ukunciphisa Imali Eshintshwayo Ngokushesha

Ipolikhabhonethi enobukhulu benzima kakhulu kusindisa izindlu kwezikhala nezinkunzi ezingakha phazanyiswa kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukubulala okubanzi nokuthuthwa kwalokhu kubangelwa ukuthi kuhlala kulisikhathi esiphindwe kabili ngesikhathi, kanti imithwalo engaphathelwanga ayikwazi ukuyigcina uma isikhala sibhisha noma isithwali sinamathambo. Ngokwesiviko esandulekile 2023 ngokuphepha kwezimali, izinkampani ezishiyayo lezi zikhiwo zepolikhabhonethi zazingabona amabhilishi awothe wenyaka azahlukana ngaphezu kwe-19% kunazo ezintwendekileyo ezitholakala ngaphambili. Kanti, yini okungcono? Zazingacabanga ukuthi kudinga ukucopheleka okuncane kangakanani—kuphela oku-2/3—ngokudla kwezikhala, lokhu kususa imali futhi kuthula umoya ngokudla.

Ukudala Umphakathi Othembekileyo Wezenzo Nenhlalakahle Ngokulawula Izikhala Ngendlela Eshiyekayo

Amathukuthuku akhuluphekileyo nezibalo ezingavimbi UV zilungise izindlela zokuthakatha kwamathambo—ekhona kuyo ukuthakatha kwezithixo nokuhlanya—kubophepha iminikelo yemithi engaphezu kuka-25 CFU/cm² emkhosini othintekayo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izixwayiso. Abathengi bempahla eDutch babeka ukuba baphazanyisile ukusetshenziswa kwezixwayiso ngama-84% emva kokuhambisa kumathuba amaningi, ekhuthaza imizwaqo embulaweni kwezithixo kanye nezimpahla ezinezici eziphansi.

Ukulungana Kwezimali Yokuqala Ngezimali Ezithintekayo Emphahleni Yokudala Nezimali Zokuhlela

Iphaneli ye-polycarbonate enanzuzi lithola kwezi-15 ukuya ku-20 iphesenti ngaphakathi kunazo ezinye izinketho ezingcono, kodwa abaphathisi besikhalo bakhombisa ukuthola amaphuzu athathu wemvume bawo ngonyaka olandelayo ngisho nje ngoba kudinga ukubuyiselwa okuncane kuneshumi nangokunciphisa izindleko zokucula. Izimboni ezifaka lezi phaneli kumqondo wabo we-Integrated Pest Management zazikhona ukuncipha kwezi-$3.50 ukuya ku-$7 ngosuku lwesikathi ngemuva ngokulima njalo. Lokhu kusemthethweni kudala indlela entsha yokuphatha izinkinga zesilwane, kusukela emshwaleni wokulungisa okungavunyelani ekugcineni izindleko zokuphatha okufanelekile konke abahlanganayo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Yiziphi iziphathekayo ezibalulekile yokusebenzisa izincitha ze-polycarbonate enanzuzi embonweni yokuzela?

Izincitha ze-polycarbonate enanzuzi zinika isiphazamiso esihle ngokuba zenziwe ngamanzi. Zisiza ekunciphiseni kwesilwane futhi ngalokho kunciphise ukudamage kwezilwane kumzimu, okwakha ukutholakala kwezimpahla eziphila.

Kungani izibhamu zemithuthlwa engaphezulu yesilika zikwamukela ekulondololeni izilumkoti?

Zisebenzisa iqembu elijongene ngendlela yomgwa, elakhiwe ngizindawo zokuhlaba ezihlanganayo, okwakha isivimba esikhuluma nezilumkoti kodwa kuyakhula ukulanda kwamandla. Izinkinga ezahluke kancane kakhulu kuzinzile iqembu, kumele kungenzeka konke ukuphindeka kwayo nangaphandle kwezilumkoti ezincane kakhulu.

Kungani ukulima kubalulekile emithuthulwaneni yesilika?

Ukulima kubalulekile ukukhokha izilumkoti nezindlebe ukungena kumagugu namahluko. Ukulima okuhle kugcina ububi bokudala, kunciphisa amathuba okulahlwa, futhi ngaleso sivinini kunciphisa inkinga yokulwa ngamakhemikhali.

Iziphakamiso zifana kanjani ngemali ngokusebenzisa izibhamu zemithuthlwa engaphezulu yesilika?

Nakuba izindleko zokuqala ziphansi, iziphakamiso zithola indlela yokunciphisa izindleko zokuhlela nokulondoloza izilumkoti ngonhlanla, futhi zifinyelele imali ephakeme ngokuphelele. Lo mthwalo othabile wafuna ukunciphisa izibhamu ezibalwa, futhi kungelapha kwezimali ekulondololeni izilumkoti.

Kungani okungcono kokudala izibhoshwa ezivikela kwe-UV ngokugcina amava?

Ukudala izibhoshwa ezivikela kwe-UV ngokugcina amava kunciphisa ukulungiswa kwesandla ngokuphelele kumathuba onke njengezikhumba nezimpilo ezingcono njengedust ne-UV, ukuqinisekisa ubude bebuso besithuthi.